Contents
- 1 Translingual
- 1.1 Glyph origin
- 1.2 Han character
- 1.2.1 Derived characters
- 1.2.2 References
- 2 Chinese
- 3 Japanese
- 3.1 Kanji
- 3.1.1 Readings
- 3.1.2 Compounds
- 3.2 Etymology
- 3.3 Pronunciation
- 3.4 Noun
- 3.4.1 Derived terms
- 3.4.2 Related terms
- 3.5 See also
- 3.6 References
- 3.1 Kanji
- 4 Okinawan
- 4.1 Kanji
- 4.1.1 Readings
- 4.1.2 Compounds
- 4.2 Etymology
- 4.3 Pronunciation
- 4.4 Noun
- 4.4.1 Derived terms
- 4.1 Kanji
Translingual[edit]
| Japanese | 黒 |
|---|---|
| Simplified | 黑 |
| Traditional | 黑 |
Glyph origin[edit]
Variant of 黑. Simplified from 黑, replacing two dots with one stroke. The modern Japanese usage is of reform (shinjitai) nature. Compare 毋, the shinjitai of 母.
Han character[edit]
| Stroke order (Japan) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 | |||
黒 (Kangxi radical 203, 黑+0, 11 strokes, cangjie input 田土火 (WGF) or 難田土火 (XWGF), composition ⿱里灬)
Derived characters[edit]
References[edit]
- Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 1518, character 36
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48040
- Dae Jaweon: page 2052, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 7, page 4743, character 1
- Unihan data for U+9ED2
Chinese[edit]
For pronunciation and definitions of 黒 – see 黑 (“black; dark; darkness; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of 黑).
Japanese[edit]
| 黒 | |
| 黑 |
Kanji[edit]
黒
(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji,shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 黑)
Readings[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Compounds
- 暗黒 (ankoku, “dark; darkness”)
- 黒帯 (kurōbi, “black belt”)
- 黒字 (kuroji, “(accounting) being in the black”)
- 黒暗 (kokuan, “absolute darkness; absence of virtue”)
- 黒衣 (kokui, “black clothes”)
- 黒影 (kokuei, “silhouette, dark shadow”)
- 黒鉛 (kokuen, “graphite”)
- 黒色 (kokushoku, “the colour black”)
- 黒点 (kokuten, “black spot; sunspot”)
- 黒板 (kokuban, “blackboard”)
- 黒海 (Kokkai, “the Black Sea”)
- 白黒 (shirokuro, “black and white; monochrome”)
- 漆黒 (shikkoku, “jet-black”)
- 黒子 (hokuro, “(dermatology) a mole”)
- 真っ黒 (makkuro, “pitch black”)
- 黒山 (kuroyama, “black mountain”)
Etymology[edit]
English Wikipedia has an article on:
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 黒 |
| くろ Grade: 2 |
| kun’yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 黑 (kyūjitai) |
⟨kuro1⟩ → /kuro/
From Old Japanese, first attested in the Kojiki (712 CE). In turn, from Proto-Japonic *kuro.
Via root morpheme *kur, cognates include:
- 涅 (kuri, “black mud from the bed of a body of water”)[1]
- 暗 (kura, “darkness; deception”), 蔵, 倉, 庫 (kura, “[dark] storehouse”), and 暗い (kurai, “dark”)
- classical verb 暮る (kuru), modern 暮れる (kureru, “to become dark; to near the end [of a day, of a year, of a life”), and 暗れる, 眩れる (kureru, “to become depressed, to become dreary of mood”)
Possibly also cognate with Ainu kur (“shadow”) and Korean 구름 (gureum, “cloud”); compare also Japanese 雲 (kumo, “cloud”), Korean 검— (geom-, “black”), and Ainu kunne (“black; dark”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- black (color)
- Antonym: 白 (shiro)
- (go) a black stone; the person who plays black stones
- Synonym: 先手 (sente)
- a 女房詞 (nyōbō kotoba, “woman's word”) for 鍋 (nabe, “pot, pan”) or 釜 (kama, “pot, kettle”)
- (accounting) short for 黒字 (kuroji): black as an accounting term, indicating a profit
- (euphemistic) short for 黒幕 (kuromaku): a black curtain (someone influencing or controlling matters from behind the scenes)
- guilt; the guilty one, the guilty party
- (slang) anarchy as a belief system or philosophy
- Synonym: 無政府主義 (museifu shugi)
- (slang) an anarchist
- Synonym: 無政府主義者 (museifu shugi-sha)
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms
- 黒黒, 黒々 (kuroguro)
- 黒い (kuroi, “black”, adjective)
- 黒み (kuromi, “blackness, black tinge”)
- 黒め (kurome)
- 黒和え, 黒韲え (kuro-ae)
- 玄人 (kurōto)
- 黒柏 (kuro kashiwa), 黒柏鶏 (kuro kashiwa-kei)
- 黒金, 鉄 (kurogane, “iron”)
- 黒髪 (kurokami)
- 黒川, 黒河 (kurokawa)
- 黒子, 黒衣 (kurogo)
- 黒字 (kuroji)
- 黒田 (kurota)
- 黒田 (Kuroda)
- 黒垂 (kurotare)
- 黒鶫 (kurotsugumi)
- 黒貂 (kuroten)
- 黒塗, 黒塗り (kuro-nuri)
- 黒猫 (kuroneko, “black cat”)
- 黒檜 (kurobi), 黒檜 (kurobe)
- 黒っぽい (kuroppoi, “blackish, dark”)
- 黒豚 (kurobuta, “Berkshire pig”)
- 黒幕 (kuromaku)
- 黒丸, 黒円 (kuromaru)
- 黒布, 黒海布, 黒菜 (kurome)
- 黒目, 黒眼 (kurome)
- 黒焼, 黒焼き (kuroyaki)
- 黒枠, 黒框 (kurowaku)
- 黒ん坊 (kuronbō): a deeply tanned person; (derogatory) a black person; a stagehand wearing black or dark clothing; a monk wearing black clothing; rotten black seeds, particularly grain that has rotted on the stalk
- 白黒 (shirakura, “this and that, so-and-so, such-and-such: unspecified items brought up for criticism”)
- 白黒 (shirokuro, “black and white; monochrome; panic or startled state; confusion; sex show”)
- 中黒 (nakaguro)
- 黒子 (hahakuso), 黒子 (hokuro, “mole”)
- 髭黒 (higekuro)
Related terms[edit]
Related terms
- 盲 (mekura, “blindness”)
- 涅 (kuri, “black mud from the bed of a body of water”)
- 呉 (kure): (obsolete) China (from sense of "where the sun sets")
- 暗 (kura, “darkness; deception, fraud”)
- 暗がり (kuragari): darkness
- 蔵, 倉, 庫 (kura, “(dark) storehouse”)
- 暗い (kurai, “dark”)
- 暮れる (kureru, “to become dark; to near the end (of a day, of a year, of a life)”)
- 暗れる, 眩れる (kureru, “to become depressed, to become dreary of mood”)
- 晦ます (kuramasu, “to conceal oneself, to abscond; to deceive, to fool”)
- 冥き途 (kurakimichi, “underworld, realm of the dead”)
- 暮れ六つ (kuremutsu): Edo-period term for a time of day, roughly 6 pm
- 暮れ方 (kuregata, “evening, sunset, nightfall”)
- 暮れ泥む (kurenazumu, “to grow dark slowly”)
See also[edit]
| 白 (shiro) | 灰色 (haiiro), 鼠色 (nezumiiro) (dated) | 黒 (kuro) |
| 赤 (aka); 深紅 (shinku), クリムゾン (kurimuzon), 紅色 (beniiro), 紅色 (kurenaiiro), 茜色 (akaneiro) | オレンジ (orenji), 橙色 (daidaiiro); 茶色 (chairo), 褐色 (kasshoku) | 黄色 (kiiro); クリーム色 (kurīmuiro) |
| 黄緑 (kimidori) | 緑 (midori), 青 (ao) (dated) | 若緑 (wakamidori) |
| シアン (shian); 鴨の羽色 (kamo no hane iro) | 水色 (mizuiro) | 青 (ao) |
| 菫色 (sumireiro); 藍色 (aiiro), インジゴ (injigo) | マゼンタ (mazenta), 赤紫 (akamurasaki); 紫 (murasaki) | ピンク (pinku), 桃色 (momoiro) |
References[edit]
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Okinawan[edit]
Kanji[edit]
黒
Readings[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Compounds
- 黒砂糖 (kurujātā) 黒砂糖 (kuruzātā, “brown sugar (partially refined sugar)”)
- 黒猫 (kurumayā, “black cat”)
Etymology[edit]
Cognate with Japanese 黒(くろ) (kuro) and Northern Amami-Oshima 黒 (kuru).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
黒 (kurū)
Derived terms[edit]
Compounds
- 黒砂糖 (kurujātā) 黒砂糖 (kuruzātā, “brown sugar (partially refined sugar)”)
- 黒猫 (kurumayā, “black cat”)
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