Lucky and unlucky numbers in Japan - Lingualift (2024)

In Japan, certain numbers are lucky and unlucky. It’s really important to know these numbers because if you don’t, you could be accidentally telling someone you’d like them to suffer a slow agonizing death when you’re giving them omiyage (お土産, souvenirs) from your trip to Kyoto.

Death, agony and suffering

First, let’s get the bad ones out of the way. Four is an unlucky number in Japan because it sounds like shi (死 – death). This is why there are two readings for the number four, shi and yon. Whenever possible, people try to avoid using the deathy one.

Lucky and unlucky numbers in Japan - Lingualift (1)

The same is true of the ku (九 – nine), which sounds like ku (苦 – suffering, agony or torture). Similarly to four, there are two readings for nine – ku and kyu.

Japanese numbers and counting

Some buildings such as hospitals don’t have fourth or ninth floors, although I’ve never personally encountered one. Maternity wards may not have a Room 43 because it sounds like shisan (死産 – stillbirth).

Certain license plate numbers are not used such as 42, which sounds like shini (死に – to death); 49, which sounds like shiku (敷く – to run over); 42-19, which sounds like shini iku (死に行く – to go and die); 42-56, which sounds like shini-goro (死に頃 – time to die); and 24, which can be nishi (二死 – two deaths or two out if you’re a baseball fan).

Some of the Yakuza’s scarier members use their license plates to express their contempt for their own mortality by choosing 4444. That’s quite a bit of death and a car with this plate is one you don’t want to cut off on the highway.

You have to get creative when you have a number that sounds like death.

Lucky seven

Like many countries throughout the world, Japan considers the number seven lucky. This is not imported, but steeped in the country’s religious traditions. Seven is an important number in Buddhism. Japanese Buddhists celebrate a baby’s seventh day and mourn the seventh day after a person dies when the soul is said to cross over.

Do you know your math in Japanese?

In Japanese folklore there are the Shichif*ckuin (七福神 – the Seven Gods of Luck). Tanabata (七夕 – Evening of the Seventh) is an important summertime holiday that’s celebrated on July 7th (7/7). The number seven also makes many appearances in pachinko parlors and scratch tickets.

Lucky eight?

Although slightly less well-known, eight is also a lucky number. This is due to its shape – 八. Called suehirogari (末広がり), it’s lucky because it widens at the bottom which reminds one of prosperity and growth.

Japanese people tend to be quite superstitious and this is why lucky and unlucky numbers are important. You should never give someone four or nine of something. Gifts are given in threes and fives instead.

On a related note, if you’re looking for a nice quick read this weekend, check out The Thing About Luck, a story about the 12-year-old Summer whose parents get called away to care for relatives in Japan.

Lucky and unlucky numbers in Japan - Lingualift (2024)

FAQs

What are the lucky and unlucky numbers in Japan? ›

Japanese people tend to be quite superstitious and this is why lucky and unlucky numbers are important. You should never give someone four or nine of something. Gifts are given in threes and fives instead.

Why is 49 unlucky in Japan? ›

In cars and racing, number 42 which sounds like shini (死に – to death) and 49, which sounds like shiku (死苦 - a painful death) are avoided. When giving gifts such as plates, they are normally in sets of three or five, never four.

Why is 4 and 9 unlucky in Japan? ›

In Japan, four and nine are considered unlucky numbers because of their pronunciation. Four is pronounced "shi," which is the same pronunciation as death. Nine is pronounced "ku," which has the same pronunciation as agony or torture. In fact, some hospitals and apartments don't have rooms numbered "4" or "9".

Is 13 bad luck in Japan? ›

Japan 🇯🇵: In Japan, the number 13 is largely seen as unlucky due to its pronunciation. The word for 13, “ju-san,” sounds like “shiju,” which means “to die.” Consequently, many buildings in Japan skip the 13th floor, similar to Western superstitions.

Is 7 bad luck in Japan? ›

Seven is a lucky number in Japan largely because of its significance in Buddhism. Additionally, seven is used with the Seven Gods of Luck (七福神). Eight is a less popular yet still lucky number. In Japan, fans are a sign of wealth and prosperity, because it spreads from narrow to broad, meant to reflect wealth.

Is number 9 bad luck? ›

In Chinese culture, the number 9 is considered lucky because it sounds like the word for "long-lasting" in Chinese. It is also associated with the Emperor, who was considered the ninth dynasty in Chinese history. In Japan, the number 9 is considered unlucky because it sounds like the word for "suffering" in Japanese.

Why is 9 bad in Japan? ›

hom*ophonic association: The Japanese word for "nine" is "ku" which is hom*ophonous with the Japanese word for "pain" or "suffering". Therefore, the number 9 can be associated with suffering or bad luck.

Is 33 a bad luck age? ›

Among the unlucky years, the most unlucky are thought to be the ages of 42 for men and 33 for women, which are known as daiyakudoshi, or "great-calamity years." The year preceding a yakudoshi year, called a maeyaku (前厄) year, is also considered dangerous, as is the year following one, called atoyaku.

Are twins bad luck in Japan? ›

Twins are seen as evil and, therefore, bad luck

Superstitions about twins are frowned upon in Japan. It is said that different sex twins are reincarnation of a couple who died together in their past lives.

Why is 4 banned in Japan? ›

Tetraphobia (from Ancient Greek τετράς (tetrás) 'four', and Ancient Greek φόβος (phóbos) 'fear') is the practice of avoiding instances of the digit 4. It is a superstition most common in East Asian nations and is associated with death.

What does 444 mean in Japan? ›

And it is the same pronunciation of 死 which means deth. So, 444 means deth,deth,deth. Recently, The number of people who are concerned the number 4 seems decreasing. But, still now, some people don't like 4.

What is the forbidden number in Japan? ›

There are six numbers that are considered unlucky in the Japanese culture and they are 4, 9, 13, 42, 43, 49. Number Four (4) — The number 4 is considered unlucky because it shares the same pronunciation as death Shi for that reason, the number is usually avoided by some Japanese people.

Is number 10 lucky in Japan? ›

Shichi-Go-San, Seven-Five-Three is a kids festival day for three- and seven-year-old girls and three- and five-year-old boys. In general, odd numbers (except 9) are lucky. The numbers 8, and 10 are lucky too. The word for ten is sometimes lucky because it sounds like the word for “enough”.

What does 9 look like in Japanese? ›

The Sinogram for nine is 九 , which coincidentally has one Japanese pronunciation ending in the letter “no” (ここの /kokono/), yet is not that obviously etymologically related if at all. The general shape of “no” can look like a variety of characters.

Why is 33 unlucky in Japan? ›

There are similar inauspicious connections for the other numbers . Thus 19 = “bad luck “, 33 ( ” sanzen”) =” trouble, disaster” and 42 ( 'shi-ni” ) = “death” , or at least so many Japanese believe . I haven't been able to find why the unlucky ages for men are different from those for women and children .

What numbers are bad luck in Japan? ›

Numbers 4 and 9 are considered to be unlucky numbers because 4 in Japanese is sometimes pronounced し (shi) which means “death”. In Japan, hospitals and some hotels don't have a 4th floor. Often, the room number 4 and rooms 40 through 49 are not there.

What are the unluckiest numbers in Japan? ›

The Unlucky Numbers

There are six numbers that are considered unlucky in the Japanese culture and they are 4, 9, 13, 42, 43, 49. Number Four (4) — The number 4 is considered unlucky because it shares the same pronunciation as death Shi for that reason, the number is usually avoided by some Japanese people.

What numbers are banned in Japan? ›

In Japan. In Japan, the number 4 is avoided in apartments and hospitals. The number 49 is also considered unlucky, as its pronunciation is similar to the Japanese term shiku, meaning 'to suffer and die'.

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